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  <title>Predefined Constants</title>

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</div><hr /><div id="pdo.constants" class="appendix">
 <h1>Predefined Constants</h1>

 <p class="simpara">
The constants below are defined by this extension, and
will only be available when the extension has either
been compiled into PHP or dynamically loaded at runtime.
</p>
 <div class="warning"><strong class="warning">Warning</strong>
  <p class="para">
   PDO uses class constants since PHP 5.1. Prior releases use global constants
   in the form <strong><code>PDO_PARAM_BOOL</code></strong>.
  </p>
 </div>
 <dl>

  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.param-bool">
    <strong><code>PDO::PARAM_BOOL</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Represents a boolean data type.
    </span>
   </dd>

  

  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.param-null">
    <strong><code>PDO::PARAM_NULL</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Represents the SQL NULL data type.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.param-int">
    <strong><code>PDO::PARAM_INT</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Represents the SQL INTEGER data type.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.param-str">
    <strong><code>PDO::PARAM_STR</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Represents the SQL CHAR, VARCHAR, or other string data type.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.param-lob">
    <strong><code>PDO::PARAM_LOB</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Represents the SQL large object data type.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.param-stmt">
    <strong><code>PDO::PARAM_STMT</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Represents a recordset type.  Not currently supported by any drivers.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.param-input-output">
    <strong><code>PDO::PARAM_INPUT_OUTPUT</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Specifies that the parameter is an INOUT parameter for a stored
     procedure. You must bitwise-OR this value with an explicit
     PDO::PARAM_* data type.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.fetch-lazy">
    <strong><code>PDO::FETCH_LAZY</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Specifies that the fetch method shall return each row as an object with
     variable names that correspond to the column names returned in the result
     set. <strong><code>PDO::FETCH_LAZY</code></strong> creates the object variable names as they are accessed.
     Not valid inside <span class="function"><a href="pdostatement.fetchall.html" class="function">PDOStatement::fetchAll()</a></span>.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.fetch-assoc">
    <strong><code>PDO::FETCH_ASSOC</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Specifies that the fetch method shall return each row as an array indexed
     by column name as returned in the corresponding result set. If the result
     set contains multiple columns with the same name,
     <strong><code>PDO::FETCH_ASSOC</code></strong> returns
     only a single value per column name.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.fetch-named">
    <strong><code>PDO::FETCH_NAMED</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Specifies that the fetch method shall return each row as an array indexed
     by column name as returned in the corresponding result set. If the result
     set contains multiple columns with the same name,
     <strong><code>PDO::FETCH_NAMED</code></strong> returns
     an array of values per column name.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.fetch-num">
    <strong><code>PDO::FETCH_NUM</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Specifies that the fetch method shall return each row as an array indexed
     by column number as returned in the corresponding result set, starting at
     column 0.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.fetch-both">
    <strong><code>PDO::FETCH_BOTH</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Specifies that the fetch method shall return each row as an array indexed
     by both column name and number as returned in the corresponding result set,
     starting at column 0.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.fetch-obj">
    <strong><code>PDO::FETCH_OBJ</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Specifies that the fetch method shall return each row as an object with
     property names that correspond to the column names returned in the result
     set.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.fetch-bound">
    <strong><code>PDO::FETCH_BOUND</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Specifies that the fetch method shall return TRUE and assign the values of
     the columns in the result set to the PHP variables to which they were
     bound with the <span class="function"><a href="pdostatement.bindparam.html" class="function">PDOStatement::bindParam()</a></span> or
     <span class="function"><a href="pdostatement.bindcolumn.html" class="function">PDOStatement::bindColumn()</a></span> methods.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.fetch-column">
    <strong><code>PDO::FETCH_COLUMN</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Specifies that the fetch method shall return only a single requested
     column from the next row in the result set.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.fetch-class">
    <strong><code>PDO::FETCH_CLASS</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Specifies that the fetch method shall return a new instance of the
     requested class, mapping the columns to named properties in the class.
    </span>
    <blockquote class="note"><p><strong class="note">Note</strong>: 
     <span class="simpara">
      The magic
      <a href="language.oop5.overloading.html#language.oop5.overloading.members" class="link"><span class="methodname"><strong>__set()</strong></span></a>
      method is called if the property doesn&#039;t exist in the requested class
     </span>
    </p></blockquote>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.fetch-into">
    <strong><code>PDO::FETCH_INTO</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Specifies that the fetch method shall update an existing instance of the
     requested class, mapping the columns to named properties in the class.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.fetch-func">
    <strong><code>PDO::FETCH_FUNC</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Allows completely customize the way data is treated on the fly (only 
     valid inside <span class="function"><a href="pdostatement.fetchall.html" class="function">PDOStatement::fetchAll()</a></span>).
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.fetch-group">
    <strong><code>PDO::FETCH_GROUP</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Group return by values. Usually combined with
     <strong><code>PDO::FETCH_COLUMN</code></strong> or 
     <strong><code>PDO::FETCH_KEY_PAIR</code></strong>.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.fetch-unique">
    <strong><code>PDO::FETCH_UNIQUE</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Fetch only the unique values.
    </span>
   </dd>

  

  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.fetch-key-pair">
    <strong><code>PDO::FETCH_KEY_PAIR</code></strong>
    (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
      Fetch a two-column result into an array where the first column is a key and the second column
      is the value. Available since PHP 5.2.3.
    </span>
   </dd>

  

  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.fetch-classtype">
    <strong><code>PDO::FETCH_CLASSTYPE</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Determine the class name from the value of first column.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.fetch-serialize">
    <strong><code>PDO::FETCH_SERIALIZE</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     As <strong><code>PDO::FETCH_INTO</code></strong> but object is provided as a serialized string.
     Available since PHP 5.1.0. Since PHP 5.3.0 the class constructor is never called if this
     flag is set.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.fetch-props-late">
    <strong><code>PDO::FETCH_PROPS_LATE</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Call the constructor before setting properties. Available since PHP 5.2.0.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.attr-autocommit">
    <strong><code>PDO::ATTR_AUTOCOMMIT</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     If this value is <strong><code>FALSE</code></strong>, PDO attempts to disable autocommit so that the
     connection begins a transaction.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.attr-prefetch">
    <strong><code>PDO::ATTR_PREFETCH</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Setting the prefetch size allows you to balance speed against memory
     usage for your application.  Not all database/driver combinations support
     setting of the prefetch size.  A larger prefetch size results in
     increased performance at the cost of higher memory usage.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.attr-timeout">
    <strong><code>PDO::ATTR_TIMEOUT</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Sets the timeout value in seconds for communications with the database.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.attr-errmode">
    <strong><code>PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     See the <a href="pdo.error-handling.html" class="link">Errors and error
     handling</a> section for more information about this attribute.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.attr-server-version">
    <strong><code>PDO::ATTR_SERVER_VERSION</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     This is a read only attribute; it will return information about the
     version of the database server to which PDO is connected.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.attr-client-version">
    <strong><code>PDO::ATTR_CLIENT_VERSION</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     This is a read only attribute; it will return information about the
     version of the client libraries that the PDO driver is using.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.attr-server-info">
    <strong><code>PDO::ATTR_SERVER_INFO</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     This is a read only attribute; it will return some meta information about the
     database server to which PDO is connected.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.attr-connection-status">
    <strong><code>PDO::ATTR_CONNECTION_STATUS</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">

    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.attr-case">
    <strong><code>PDO::ATTR_CASE</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Force column names to a specific case specified by the <em>PDO::CASE_*</em>
     constants.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.attr-cursor-name">
    <strong><code>PDO::ATTR_CURSOR_NAME</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Get or set the name to use for a cursor.  Most useful when using
     scrollable cursors and positioned updates.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.attr-cursor">
    <strong><code>PDO::ATTR_CURSOR</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Selects the cursor type.  PDO currently supports either
     <strong><code>PDO::CURSOR_FWDONLY</code></strong> and 
     <strong><code>PDO::CURSOR_SCROLL</code></strong>. Stick with
     <strong><code>PDO::CURSOR_FWDONLY</code></strong> unless you know that you need a
     scrollable cursor.
    </span>
   </dd>

  

  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.attr-driver-name">
    <strong><code>PDO::ATTR_DRIVER_NAME</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.string.html" class="type string">string</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Returns the name of the driver.
    </span>
    <p class="para">
     <div class="example" id="example-947"><p><strong>Example #1 using <strong><code>PDO::ATTR_DRIVER_NAME</code></strong></strong></p>
     <div class="example-contents">
<div class="phpcode"><code><span style="color: #000000">
<span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php<br /></span><span style="color: #007700">if&nbsp;(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$db</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">getAttribute</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">PDO</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">ATTR_DRIVER_NAME</span><span style="color: #007700">)&nbsp;==&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'mysql'</span><span style="color: #007700">)&nbsp;{<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;echo&nbsp;</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Running&nbsp;on&nbsp;mysql;&nbsp;doing&nbsp;something&nbsp;mysql&nbsp;specific&nbsp;here\n"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br />}<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span>
</span>
</code></div>
     </div>

     </div>
     </p>
   </dd>

  

  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.attr-oracle-nulls">
    <strong><code>PDO::ATTR_ORACLE_NULLS</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Convert empty strings to SQL NULL values on data fetches.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.attr-persistent">
    <strong><code>PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara"> 
     Request a persistent connection, rather than creating a new connection.
     See <a href="pdo.connections.html" class="link">Connections and Connection
     management</a> for more information on this attribute.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.attr-statement-class">
    <strong><code>PDO::ATTR_STATEMENT_CLASS</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara"> 

    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.attr-fetch-catalog-names">
    <strong><code>PDO::ATTR_FETCH_CATALOG_NAMES</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara"> 
     Prepend the containing catalog name to each column name returned in the
     result set. The catalog name and column name are separated by a decimal
     (.) character.  Support of this attribute is at the driver level; it may
     not be supported by your driver.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.attr-fetch-table-names">
    <strong><code>PDO::ATTR_FETCH_TABLE_NAMES</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara"> 
     Prepend the containing table name to each column name returned in the
     result set. The table name and column name are separated by a decimal (.)
     character. Support of this attribute is at the driver level; it may not
     be supported by your driver.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.attr-stringify-fetches">
    <strong><code>PDO::ATTR_STRINGIFY_FETCHES</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara"> 

    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.attr-max-column-len">
    <strong><code>PDO::ATTR_MAX_COLUMN_LEN</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara"> 

    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.attr-default-fetch-mode">
    <strong><code>PDO::ATTR_DEFAULT_FETCH_MODE</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara"> 
     Available since PHP 5.2.0
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.attr-emulate-prepares">
    <strong><code>PDO::ATTR_EMULATE_PREPARES</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Available since PHP 5.1.3.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.errmode-silent">
    <strong><code>PDO::ERRMODE_SILENT</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Do not raise an error or exception if an error occurs. The developer is
     expected to explicitly check for errors.  This is the default mode.
     See <a href="pdo.error-handling.html" class="link">Errors and error handling</a>
     for more information about this attribute.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.errmode-warning">
    <strong><code>PDO::ERRMODE_WARNING</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Issue a PHP <strong><code>E_WARNING</code></strong> message if an error occurs.
     See <a href="pdo.error-handling.html" class="link">Errors and error handling</a>
     for more information about this attribute.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.errmode-exception">
    <strong><code>PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Throw a <a href="class.pdoexception.html" class="classname">PDOException</a> if an error occurs.
     See <a href="pdo.error-handling.html" class="link">Errors and error handling</a>
     for more information about this attribute.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.case-natural">
    <strong><code>PDO::CASE_NATURAL</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Leave column names as returned by the database driver.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.case-lower">
    <strong><code>PDO::CASE_LOWER</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara"> 
     Force column names to lower case.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.case-upper">
    <strong><code>PDO::CASE_UPPER</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Force column names to upper case.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.null-natural">
    <strong><code>PDO::NULL_NATURAL</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">

    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.null-empty-string">
    <strong><code>PDO::NULL_EMPTY_STRING</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">

    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.null-to-string">
    <strong><code>PDO::NULL_TO_STRING</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">

    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.fetch-ori-next">
    <strong><code>PDO::FETCH_ORI_NEXT</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Fetch the next row in the result set. Valid only for scrollable cursors.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.fetch-ori-prior">
    <strong><code>PDO::FETCH_ORI_PRIOR</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Fetch the previous row in the result set. Valid only for scrollable
     cursors.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.fetch-ori-first">
    <strong><code>PDO::FETCH_ORI_FIRST</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Fetch the first row in the result set. Valid only for scrollable cursors.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.fetch-ori-last">
    <strong><code>PDO::FETCH_ORI_LAST</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Fetch the last row in the result set. Valid only for scrollable cursors.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.fetch-ori-abs">
    <strong><code>PDO::FETCH_ORI_ABS</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Fetch the requested row by row number from the result set. Valid only
     for scrollable cursors.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.fetch-ori-rel">
    <strong><code>PDO::FETCH_ORI_REL</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Fetch the requested row by relative position from the current position
     of the cursor in the result set. Valid only for scrollable cursors.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.cursor-fwdonly">
    <strong><code>PDO::CURSOR_FWDONLY</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Create a <a href="class.pdostatement.html" class="classname">PDOStatement</a> object with a forward-only cursor.  This is the
     default cursor choice, as it is the fastest and most common data access
     pattern in PHP.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.cursor-scroll">
    <strong><code>PDO::CURSOR_SCROLL</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Create a <a href="class.pdostatement.html" class="classname">PDOStatement</a> object with a scrollable cursor. Pass the
     <em>PDO::FETCH_ORI_*</em> constants to control the rows fetched from the result set.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.err-none">
    <strong><code>PDO::ERR_NONE</code></strong>
     (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.string.html" class="type string">string</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara"> 
     Corresponds to SQLSTATE &#039;00000&#039;, meaning that the SQL statement was
     successfully issued with no errors or warnings.  This constant is for
     your convenience when checking <span class="function"><a href="pdo.errorcode.html" class="function">PDO::errorCode()</a></span> or
     <span class="function"><a href="pdostatement.errorcode.html" class="function">PDOStatement::errorCode()</a></span> to determine if an error
     occurred.  You will usually know if this is the case by examining the
     return code from the method that raised the error condition anyway.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.param-evt-alloc">
    <strong><code>PDO::PARAM_EVT_ALLOC</code></strong>
    (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Allocation event
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.param-evt-free">
    <strong><code>PDO::PARAM_EVT_FREE</code></strong>
    (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Deallocation event
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.param-evt-exec-pre">
    <strong><code>PDO::PARAM_EVT_EXEC_PRE</code></strong>
    (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Event triggered prior to execution of a prepared statement.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.param-evt-exec-post">
    <strong><code>PDO::PARAM_EVT_EXEC_POST</code></strong>
    (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Event triggered subsequent to execution of a prepared statement.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.param-evt-fetch-pre">
    <strong><code>PDO::PARAM_EVT_FETCH_PRE</code></strong>
    (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Event triggered prior to fetching a result from a resultset.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.param-evt-fetch-post">
    <strong><code>PDO::PARAM_EVT_FETCH_POST</code></strong>
    (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Event triggered subsequent to fetching a result from a resultset.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
  
   <dt id="pdo.constants.param-evt-normalize">
    <strong><code>PDO::PARAM_EVT_NORMALIZE</code></strong>
    (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.html" class="type integer">integer</a></span>)
   </dt>

   <dd>

    <span class="simpara">
     Event triggered during bound parameter registration
     allowing the driver to normalize the parameter name.
    </span>
   </dd>

  
 </dl>

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